昨天已經在STS中產生一個Maven專案,不過只是一個空殼,專案要導入Springframework技術就需要加入相關的jar檔,由於STS與Maven整合介面已經很成熟了,透過編輯pom.xml,加入springframework相關的denpendencies,STS自動會到Maven Repository下載對應的jar檔,除了到Spring的官網可以得到Maven Dependency的snippet code,也可以直接到MVNRepository網站搜尋,例如剛剛產生的專案中JUnit目前最新的版本或是穩定版本在MVNRepository就可以找到。
所以我們在pom.xml裡就可以把3.8改成4.11。
我在學習Spring MVC的時候是買Packt出版的Spring MVC Beginner Guide,整本書是以Spring 4.0.x撰寫的,雖然官方已推出4.1版,但為了避免相容性問題以及節省版本除錯時間,還是以4.0.7作為基礎開發,故請在pom.xml加入以下相關的dependency。
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.0.7.RELEASE</spring.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
接著是log的部分,從Spring 4.0開始就推薦使用用SLF4J以及Log4j來作logging,原apache common-logging應該即將deprecated,需加入Dependency code如下
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
另外我們View的部分會用到JSP以及JSTL Tag,故也需要加入對應的Servlet Dependency,加入Servlet 3.1.0是因為之後會以Java Config的方式初始化Java Web程式,先前的版本不支援。
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
常用的runtime產生proxy class的cglib、MySQL Connector也一併加入
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.25</version>
</dependency>
最後,目前Maven專案預設JDK的Complier Version是1.5,這會造成不支援JDK 7以後支援的Diamond泛型語法,如
List<DCN> dcnList=new ArrayList<>();
STS會提示錯誤,故需要在pom.xml底下<build>標籤下加入maven complier plug-In來變更預設的Complier version,故整個到目前為止,pom.xml如下。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>tw.blogspot.springtech</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringMVC</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>SpringMVC Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.7</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.25</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.0.7.RELEASE</spring.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<build>
<finalName>SpringMVC</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
存檔後,到專案上按右鍵->Maven->Update Project->OK
相關的jar檔下載完後,專案畫面應該如下
另外建議在Preferences->Maven主頁面勾選download artifact sources以及javadoc,之後相關class或interface STS會提供相關訊息
其他小地方,如General->Workspace->Text file encoding,建議選擇UTF-8,避免中文亂碼問題,以及Web->CSS, HTML, JSP的Encoding也設定UTF-8。
差點忘記,請找到STS中Server分頁->空白處按右鍵->New->Server->展開Apace資料夾->選擇Apache Tomcat 8.0 Server(之前runtime environment已經設定過了)->Finish
明天就可以寫第一支Spring MVC Hello! World Web程式了